GCSS-MC Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps GE General Equipment GFC Gaining Force Command GFE Government-Furnished Equipment GFI Government-Furnished Information . MANAGEMENT OF PROPERTY IN ...Installed Base records and tracks the item instance from the time it is received in inventory. GCSS-MC installed base is a centralized repository of information for an item instance and its tracking details include location, status, ownership, party, configuration data, contracts, modifications, and service request repairs. The technology backbone of this effort is the Global Combat Supply Support Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) program, a portfolio of systems that supports the logistics elements of command and control, joint logistics interoperability and secure access to and visibility of logistics data for the Marine Corps.the obligation by lay, lawful order or regulation of an officer or another individual for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds. The reconciliation between the T/E and the MAL will occur how often? Monthly. What does the TO/E provide? Mission, Equipment, Personnel, and Weapons. Condition Code A. GCSS-MC Training and Resource Portal; U.S. Naval Community College Information Sheet; U.S. Naval Community College; Careers. Active Reserve; Assignments (Active) Awards; Blended Retirement System;Marine Corps Systems Command (MCSC) is the Commandant of the Marine Corps's agent for acquisition and sustainment of systems and equipment used to accomplish their warfighting mission. Organizations not supported by GCSS-MC shall account for AM equipment in the Defense Property Accountability System (DPAS). See Chapter 4 for aviation-specific guidance on accountability.Apr 23, 2015 · The GCSS-MC software itself is modified commercial software, used in chain stores with specific changes made to best fit the needs of the Marine Corps, Cox said. The update, called GCSS-MC 1.1.1 ... The technology backbone of this effort is the Global Combat Supply Support Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) program, a portfolio of systems that supports the logistics elements of command and control, joint logistics interoperability and secure access to and visibility of logistics data for the Marine Corps. Jan 28, 2020 · 1. Depending on the e-commerce system, the above two components may be accomplished as a single step by an individual administrator (e.g., GCSS-MC UUAM grants user access and assigns Sep 25, 2020 · GCSS-MC SME Team Military Civilian Last Updated 09/25/2020 Team Lead Operations Team Lead Sustainment Team Lead Logistics Digital Transformation Team Lead Advanced Technology Team Lead MLS2 Team Lead Tactical Applications PMW 230 Logistics Integrated Information Solutions –Marine Corps Team Lead New Capability Development CSS CAISI and VSAT are not supported by PM GCSS-Army; they are supported by PD DWTS. The CSS CAISI helpdesk is SEC-LEE helpdesk@ 804-734-1051 or https://s4if.lee.army.mil. CSS VSAT helpdesk is the iNOC@ 309-644-5000 or [email protected]. You must contact the SEC-LEE or iNOC helpdesk for support.The GCSS-Army Training and Certification system (GTRAC) is the source for the most current GCSS-Army online training. It is very important that students begin by taking the Common Core courses followed by the Business Area Specific courses which pertain to their business area. The student can progress at his/her own pace and move deliberately ...The GCSS-MC Service Request Module, or the Product Quality Deficiency Reporting (PQDR) process, as outlined in reference (j), will be utilized to request or identify those items/NIINs requiring ...2 days ago · GCSS-MC Training and Resource Portal; U.S. Naval Community College Information Sheet; U.S. Naval Community College; Careers. Active Reserve; Assignments (Active) Awards; Blended Retirement System; Defense Transportation Regulation – Part III 3 March 2023 Mobility . III-I-1 . APPENDIX I AUTOMATED MOBILITY SYSTEMS . The use of automated systems to support mobility operations for force projection is essential toLogistics Training, Education and GCSS-MC Section LPC-3 . Logistics Distribution Policy Branch LPD . Integrated Distribution Section LPD-1 . Personal Property and Passenger Section LPD-2 ... GCSS-MC Logistics Management Specialist. Skylla Engineering Ltd. Stafford, VA. Estimated $74K - $93.7K a year. Full-time. Must provide life cycle management and ...1. Log into GCSS‐MC 2. Select GCSS‐MCDiscoverer User 3. Select Maintenance Production Report under DBI Custom Reports for Maintenance 4. Select the LOV button next to the Resource Group Box Scroll 5. through thelist and select Owner Groups for which you want to pull the MPR and click OK then skip to step 10. Or you can run a search to only ...GCSS-MC LCM Increment 1 addressed those issues. As part of today’s modernization PWM 230 and HQMC DC I&L work hand in hand to demonstrate and ready to employ state of the art software development tools to speed logistics systems modernization and standardization to the warfighter.SHARE. This Order prescribes strategic policy, procedures, and responsibilities for managing all categories of property under Marine Corps control in compliance with Department of Defense (DoD ... GCSS-MC to be used in a detached mode by a deployed MAGTF, is called the Deployed Access Release 1.2 and is scheduled for late 2013. The term Increment 1 replaced Block 1 as the name for the logistics chain management portion of GCSS-MC. No schedule or specifics for later increments have been established.Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC), is a deployable portfolio of systems that is the technology backbone of a multi-year, multi-phase, Corps-wide Logistics Modernization program that will bring expeditionary logistics support into the 21st century. GCSS-MC gives the Marines a single point of entry for all requests for products and services, integrating data and providing ... Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC), is a deployable portfolio of systems that is the technology backbone of a multi-year, multi-phase, Corps-wide Logistics Modernization program that will bring expeditionary logistics support into the 21st century. GCSS-MC gives the Marines a single point of entry for all requests for products and services, integrating data and providing ...The E-Business Home Page is located at https://gcssmc-ebs-sakc.usmc.mil:443/OA_HTML/AppsLogin If your browser doesn't automatically redirect to its new location, click here . GCSS-MC LCM Increment 1 addressed those issues. As part of today’s modernization PWM 230 and HQMC DC I&L work hand in hand to demonstrate and ready to employ state of the art software development tools to speed logistics systems modernization and standardization to the warfighter.GCSS-Army is an SAP based automated logistics ERP system being fielded throughout the US Army.GCSS-MC is the primary technology provider for the Marine Corps Logistics Modernization strategy. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Carden Hedelt) - John Wahl, lead contracting officer for Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps, led a team effort that reduced the price of two GCSS-MC contracts by $2 million using Better Buying Power guidelines.Global Combat Support Systems-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) has updated its capability with its own software development, in-house. Effectiveness. A GAO report estimates that the Army will achieve $11.8 billion in savings and financial benefits. Tablets for GCSSresponsible for the conduct of GCSS-MC programs as they apply to their unit, section, or Table of Equipment (T/E) items. 6. Units with maintenance requirements exceeding their assigned maintenance capabilities will evacuate their equipment to the supporting Intermediate Maintenance Activity (IMA): Exercise Corps (GCSS-MC). Normal initial routing of NSN based requisitions would direct to the locally supported Supply Management Unit (SMU) from a GCSS-MC requisition. If the SMU cannot fill your system buy requisition, these procurements for NSN items are passed along to the appropriate wholesale The technology backbone of this effort is the Global Combat Supply Support Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) program, a portfolio of systems that supports the logistics elements of command and control, joint logistics interoperability and secure access to and visibility of logistics data for the Marine Corps.Defense Transportation Regulation – Part III 3 March 2023 Mobility . III-I-1 . APPENDIX I AUTOMATED MOBILITY SYSTEMS . The use of automated systems to support mobility operations for force projection is essential toMCBUL 4081 20 JUN 2018 1-2 Enclosure (1) Global Combat Support System Marine Corps/Logistics Chain Management (GCSS-MC/LCM) Provides user end - to - end(GCSS-MC) data and provide routine reports to supported organizations. (g) Monitor SECREP budget execution and identify current year deficiency requirements as warranted.This Gcss-MC dashboard kindly developed and by M Sgt to aid in the of by MM Updates and https:mntelshare.in to to include test builds and (CAC Requiæd) s, h ttps : 1b o test links MM MFR XML TLCM restricted on MCEN) of the MM for Ibo x ons available of like to participate beta testing prowam" Rep o rts lude Business Intelligence Type Son Name AZDISA Jul 16, 2019 · Does the unit have access to GCSS-MC and are they filling out the appropriate information in the item instance as the equipment owner? Reference: UM 4000-125 Part 4, Section 2, Paragraph 3.a (1); Paragraph 3.c of Enclosure 2 to MCO 4105.2; Paragraph 2-14 of TM 4700-15/1H; Paragraph 6 of CMC 100228Z JUN 14 (MARADMIN 277/14) GCSS-MC system. This will ensure proper attention is placed on sustaining the current configuration as well as developing and integrating new capabilities within it. To lead program office migration to cloud architectures, enhance logistics big data analytics, and truly enable a SoS capability for the Marine Corps. To focus on extending ...Ensure Programs of Record (POR) asset records in GCSS-MC are accurate and complete for fielded systems. 4.b. Marine Corps Cyberspace Operations Group (MCCOG). 4.b.1. Ensure the Enterprise Service ...Contact Information. The MCIEAST Material Readiness Branch (MRB) / SMAT is located in room 208, second deck, building 914 at the corner of Louis Rd. and Sneads Ferry Rd. on MCB Camp Lejeune. You may contact our office and key personnel via the email addresses and phone numbers listed below.GCSS-Army is an SAP based automated logistics ERP system being fielded throughout the US Army.The GCSS-MC program falls under PEO-EIS and receives manpower and technical support from MCSC. “The platform significantly reduces the amount of time and work it requires for Marines to go from data to decision.” GCSS-MC R12 offers the latest software, security patches and tools to protect Marine Corps supply and maintenance information.been properly prepared IAW GCSS-MC Handbook and GPN 1-13. This verification includes matching the data plate’s serial number with the serial number on the Service Request (SR). 3 After verification of the Service Request (SR), acceptance of the equipment for the required services is accomplished by digitally signing the Service Request (SR).GCSS-MC installed base is a centralized repository of information for an item instance and its tracking details include location, status, ownership, party, configuration data, contracts, modifications, and service request repairs.The Institute for Defense Analyses performed a root cause analysis of the critical cost overrun and schedule slippage experienced by Increment 1 of the Marine Corp’s Global Combat Support System (GCSS-MC) program, an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software system that will provide logistics support for Marine Corps combat operations. The Institute for Defense Analyses performed a root cause analysis of the critical cost overrun and schedule slippage experienced by Increment 1 of the Marine Corp’s Global Combat Support System (GCSS-MC) program, an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software system that will provide logistics support for Marine Corps combat operations. DLM 4000.25-1, APPENDIX 2.16. STATUS CODES. AP2.16.2. Selected status codes are also used to provide status on or to reject Military Standard Transaction Reporting and Acountability Procedures (MILSTRAP) transactions ( DLM 4000.25-2. AP2.16.3. The method of assigning status codes and a listing of the codes is provided below: CATEGORY ...Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC), is a deployable portfolio of systems that is the technology backbone of a multi-year, multi-phase, Corps-wide Logistics Modernization program that will bring expeditionary logistics support into the 21st century. GCSS-MC gives the Marines a single point of entry for all requests for products and services, integrating data and providing ...Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC), is a deployable portfolio of systems that is the technology backbone of a multi-year, multi-phase, Corps-wide Logistics Modernization program that will bring expeditionary logistics support into the 21st century. GCSS-MC gives the Marines a single point of entry for all requests for products and services, integrating data and providing ...The GCSS-Army Training and Certification system (GTRAC) is the source for the most current GCSS-Army online training. It is very important that students begin by taking the Common Core courses followed by the Business Area Specific courses which pertain to their business area. The student can progress at his/her own pace and move deliberately ...• The GCSS-MC Program Manager has taken action to address the issues found during FOT&E. • In March 2015, USD(AT&L) granted a Full Deployment Decision. System GCSS-MC is the Marine Corps component of the joint GCSS Family of Systems. It is intended to provide a seamless end-to-end logistics chain requiring less relianceGCSS-MC provides the capability to see what equipment needs to be repaired, order parts, identify where the parts are located and who is available to perform the work. The Maintainer will be able to plan for, and schedule, maintenance resources and will also have the ability to review item configuration, readiness information, and past ... 2 days ago · GCSS-MC Training and Resource Portal; U.S. Naval Community College Information Sheet; U.S. Naval Community College; Careers. Active Reserve; Assignments (Active) Awards; Blended Retirement System; Global Combat Support Systems-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) has updated its capability with its own software development, in-house. Effectiveness. A GAO report estimates that the Army will achieve $11.8 billion in savings and financial benefits. Tablets for GCSS Jan 9, 2017 · 1. Log into GCSS‐MC 2. Select GCSS‐MCDiscoverer User 3. Select Maintenance Production Report under DBI Custom Reports for Maintenance 4. Select the LOV button next to the Resource Group Box Scroll 5. through thelist and select Owner Groups for which you want to pull the MPR and click OK then skip to step 10. Or you can run a search to only ... 9. UM 4000-125 GCSS-MC User's Manual 1345-ADMN-2002: Maintain engineer equipment operator records and forms EVALUATION-CODED: NO SUSTAINMENT INTERVAL: 12 months MOS PERFORMING: 1345 GRADES: CPL, SGT, SSGT INITIAL TRAINING SETTING: FORMAL CONDITION: Provided engineer equipment, applicable forms, and references.Apr 23, 2015 · The GCSS-MC software itself is modified commercial software, used in chain stores with specific changes made to best fit the needs of the Marine Corps, Cox said. The update, called GCSS-MC 1.1.1 ... Marine Corps (GCSS-MC), Purchase Request Builder (PR Builder), etc. ). (b) Marine Corps requisitions submitted to other military services, elements of the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), and to ...GCSS-MC Accountability and Readiness Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) provides near-real time information to improve asset visibility and data accuracy. It enables faster, better decision increasing the combat effectiveness of the MAGTF. Install Base A GCSS-MC tracking application for end items throughout their entire life cycle.Jan 31, 2019 · GCSS-‐MC? 20. Is my unit scheduling and conducting Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) in accordance with the technical manuals and applicable policies? Are these periods scheduled in the unit annual training plan? 21. Do the Supply Officer; reporting in future blocks of gcss-mc. 4.b.3. cg marcorlogcom: 4.b.3.a. serve as program sponsor for serialized small arms reporting and primary liaison with nswc, crane.Oct 17, 2018 · The GCSS-MC program falls under PEO-EIS and receives manpower and technical support from MCSC. “The platform significantly reduces the amount of time and work it requires for Marines to go from... department of the navy headquarters united states marine cqrps 3000 marine corps pentagon washington, dc 20350-3000 in reply refer to: mco 4400 . 16h lpc-2 marine corps order 4400.16h isep 13 2010 3.a.5.g. government commercial purchase card (gcpc) requests routed through gcss-mc or pr builder via a service or purchase request must be approved by the supo or apo prior to submission to the ...DLM 4000.25-1, APPENDIX 2.16. STATUS CODES. AP2.16.2. Selected status codes are also used to provide status on or to reject Military Standard Transaction Reporting and Acountability Procedures (MILSTRAP) transactions ( DLM 4000.25-2. AP2.16.3. The method of assigning status codes and a listing of the codes is provided below: CATEGORY ... 60 Gcss Mc jobs available on Indeed.com. Apply to Logistics Analyst, Logistics Management Specialist, Senior Logistics Analyst and more!The GCSS-Army Training and Certification system (GTRAC) is the source for the most current GCSS-Army online training. It is very important that students begin by taking the Common Core courses followed by the Business Area Specific courses which pertain to their business area. The student can progress at his/her own pace and move deliberately ...DISACSS CAISI and VSAT are not supported by PM GCSS-Army; they are supported by PD DWTS. The CSS CAISI helpdesk is SEC-LEE helpdesk@ 804-734-1051 or https://s4if.lee.army.mil. CSS VSAT helpdesk is the iNOC@ 309-644-5000 or [email protected]. You must contact the SEC-LEE or iNOC helpdesk for support. Before Unit Deployment • Conduct GCSS-A and AESIP inquiries 180 days before the deployment. • Use the ZFE_PSC DFPS role and the /n/ISDFPS/FDP2 Transaction Code (T-Code) inWe would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.The technology backbone of this effort is the Global Combat Supply Support Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) program, a portfolio of systems that supports the logistics elements of command and control, joint logistics interoperability and secure access to and visibility of logistics data for the Marine Corps. GCSS-MC system. This will ensure proper attention is placed on sustaining the current configuration as well as developing and integrating new capabilities within it. To lead program office migration to cloud architectures, enhance logistics big data analytics, and truly enable a SoS capability for the Marine Corps. To focus on extending ...1. Log into GCSS‐MC 2. Select GCSS‐MCDiscoverer User 3. Select Maintenance Production Report under DBI Custom Reports for Maintenance 4. Select the LOV button next to the Resource Group Box Scroll 5. through thelist and select Owner Groups for which you want to pull the MPR and click OK then skip to step 10. Or you can run a search to only ...the obligation by lay, lawful order or regulation of an officer or another individual for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds. The reconciliation between the T/E and the MAL will occur how often? Monthly. What does the TO/E provide? Mission, Equipment, Personnel, and Weapons. Condition Code A. reporting in future blocks of gcss-mc. 4.b.3. cg marcorlogcom: 4.b.3.a. serve as program sponsor for serialized small arms reporting and primary liaison with nswc, crane.TLCM-OST is the one answer for supply and maintenance readiness visibility. A dynamic, “always-on” Web-based application that provides leadership at all levels with automated, authoritative decision support information. A decision support tool that provides a snapshot of asset-specific TLCM status information including requirements, funding ...Sep 25, 2020 · GCSS-MC SME Team Military Civilian Last Updated 09/25/2020 Team Lead Operations Team Lead Sustainment Team Lead Logistics Digital Transformation Team Lead Advanced Technology Team Lead MLS2 Team Lead Tactical Applications PMW 230 Logistics Integrated Information Solutions –Marine Corps Team Lead New Capability Development The technology backbone of this effort is the Global Combat Supply Support Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) program, a portfolio of systems that supports the logistics elements of command and control, joint logistics interoperability and secure access to and visibility of logistics data for the Marine Corps.0402 global combat support system-marine corps (gcss-mc) .....4-2 0403 stock control system (scs) .....4-2 0404 defense property accountability system (dpas).....4-3 0405 defense medical logistics standard support automatedAug 9, 2023 · The GCSS-Army Training and Certification system (GTRAC) is the source for the most current GCSS-Army online training. It is very important that students begin by taking the Common Core courses followed by the Business Area Specific courses which pertain to their business area. The student can progress at his/her own pace and move deliberately ... GCSS-MC, coupled with the 53 other systems and applications categorized as MLS2 in this Bulletin align with and support the LOG OA as enduring requirements. b. Reference (d) declares GCSS-MC/LCM ...GCSS-MC provides the capability to see what equipment needs to be repaired, order parts, identify where the parts are located and who is available to perform the work. The Maintainer will be able to plan for, and schedule, maintenance resources and will also have the ability to review item configuration, readiness information, and past ...Sep 8, 2023 · It will also cover how GCSS MC can help shoppers save time by streamlining the shopping process. 1. Efficient Inventory Management: GCSS MC principles help you maintain a well-organized inventory. By keeping track of the items you have and their quantities, you can avoid overstocking or purchasing unnecessary duplicates. Agency Affected Recommendation Status; Department of Defense : To ensure that each Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) system increment is economically justified on the basis of a full and reliable understanding of costs, benefits, and risks, the Secretary of Defense should direct the Secretary of the Navy to ensure that investment in the next acquisition phase of the program's ...We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.GCSS-MC system. This will ensure proper attention is placed on sustaining the current configuration as well as developing and integrating new capabilities within it. To lead program office migration to cloud architectures, enhance logistics big data analytics, and truly enable a SoS capability for the Marine Corps. To focus on extending ...
GCSS-MC installed base is a centralized repository of information for an item instance and its tracking details include location, status, ownership, party, configuration data, contracts, modifications, and service request repairs.. Faculty and staff
Management (GCSS-MC/LCM) is the technology centerpiece for logis-tics business operations in the Marine Corps. It provides accurate, near-real-time, integrated logistics information and enterprise-wide visibility of logis-tics data, enabling Marines to make in-formed logistical decisions at the speed of relevance. Currently, GCSS-MC re- Jul 19, 2018 · GCSS- MC Electronic Maintenance Support System (EMSS) Provides a rugged expeditionary support system for on - demand access to electronic technical publications, This comprises sustainment and modernization of the Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) system, modernizing aged logistics processes and procedures, and dedicating resources to... 1. Log into GCSS‐MC 2.Select GCSS‐MC Discoverer Reports User 3. Select Maintenance Production Report under DBI Custom Reports for Maintenance 4. Select the LOV button next to the Resource Group Box 5. Scroll through the list and select the Owner Groups for which you want to pull the MPR and click OK then skip to step 10.CSS CAISI and VSAT are not supported by PM GCSS-Army; they are supported by PD DWTS. The CSS CAISI helpdesk is SEC-LEE helpdesk@ 804-734-1051 or https://s4if.lee.army.mil. CSS VSAT helpdesk is the iNOC@ 309-644-5000 or [email protected]. You must contact the SEC-LEE or iNOC helpdesk for support. The GCSS-MC/LC M program is procuring capabilities by blocks. GCSS-MC/LCM Block 1 is a subset of the total requirement that focuses on Logistics Management and Execution with Logistics Comm and and Control requirements necessary to perform those functions in a deployed environment. GCSS-MC/LCM Block 1 is global in scope. the obligation by lay, lawful order or regulation of an officer or another individual for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds. The reconciliation between the T/E and the MAL will occur how often? Monthly. What does the TO/E provide? Mission, Equipment, Personnel, and Weapons. Condition Code A.2. Select GCSS-MC OBIEE Reports User 3. Select Maintenance Production Report 4. Select the List of Values (LOV) button next to the attributes you would like to use to generate your report. (Recommend using specific Resource Groups or AAC only) 4.a. Entering only your AAC will generate a report with every Service Request (SR) with your0402 global combat support system-marine corps (gcss-mc) .....4-2 0403 stock control system (scs) .....4-2 0404 defense property accountability system (dpas).....4-3 0405 defense medical logistics standard support automatedInstalled Base records and tracks the item instance from the time it is received in inventory. GCSS-MC installed base is a centralized repository of information for an item instance and its tracking details include location, status, ownership, party, configuration data, contracts, modifications, and service request repairs. The GCSS-MC Jumpsite contains all current GCSS-MC/LCM R11 training resources, new R12 training resources, R12 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), relevant announcements from the GCSS-MC Operation ...been properly prepared IAW GCSS-MC Handbook and GPN 1-13. This verification includes matching the data plate’s serial number with the serial number on the Service Request (SR). 3 After verification of the Service Request (SR), acceptance of the equipment for the required services is accomplished by digitally signing the Service Request (SR).Organizations that use GCSS-MC may route ServMart requests to the SupO/APO for approval via the GCSS-MC Service Request (SR) process. 3.b.3. PR Builder will be available for routing ServMart ...Agency Affected Recommendation Status; Department of Defense : To ensure that each Global Combat Support System-Marine Corps (GCSS-MC) system increment is economically justified on the basis of a full and reliable understanding of costs, benefits, and risks, the Secretary of Defense should direct the Secretary of the Navy to ensure that investment in the next acquisition phase of the program's ...Sep 25, 2020 · GCSS-MC SME Team Military Civilian Last Updated 09/25/2020 Team Lead Operations Team Lead Sustainment Team Lead Logistics Digital Transformation Team Lead Advanced Technology Team Lead MLS2 Team Lead Tactical Applications PMW 230 Logistics Integrated Information Solutions –Marine Corps Team Lead New Capability Development * The below user notes provide guidance and/or additional supporting information for recently provided GCSS-MC system updates. Help Desk Toll-Free Phone Number Change Background: GCSS-MC Operations Management will be transitioning to a new toll-free number in order to continue to upgrade the support provided to the GCSS-MC User Community. ThisCorps (GCSS-MC) and Supported Activities Supply System (SASSY) per reference (b). Units identified by Deputy Commandant for Plans, Policies and Operations .